Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Joint Health

To study the long-term effects of supplementation with Omega-3 fatty acids in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis , ninety patients were enrolled in a 12-month, double-blind, randomized study comparing daily supplementation with either 2.6 gm of Omega-3, or 1.3 gm of Omega-3 + 3 gm of olive oil, or 6 gm of olive oil. Significant improvement in the patient's global evaluation and in the physician's assessment of pain was observed only in those taking 2.6 gm/day of Omega-3. The proportions of patients who improved and of those who were able to reduce their concomitant antirheumatic medications were significantly greater with 2.6 gm/day of Omega-3.

CONCLUSION. Daily supplementation with 2.6 gm of Omega-3 results in significant clinical benefit and may reduce the need for concomitant antirheumatic medication.

Reference:
Geusens P, Wouters C, Nijs J, Jiang Y, Dequeker J: Long-term effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in active rheumatoid arthritis. A 12-month, double-blind, controlled study. Arthritis Rheum 1994 Jun 37:6 824-9.

To review background, pharmacological properties, mechanisms of action, and published clinical experience using Omega-3 fatty acids in rheumatoid arthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: English language publications were identified through a computerized search (using MEDLINE) between 1979 and 1995 using the terms ''Omega-3 fatty acids'' and ''fish oil''. In addition, manual search and cross references were used to obtain published articles on the subject. Papers showing evidence of pharmacological properties and mechanisms of action were analyzed. For therapeutic efficacy, only randomized clinical trials are presented in this article. All papers were reviewed by a board certified rheumatologist with training in research methodology and critical appraisal skills. He was aware of study objectives. RESULTS: Main results are summarized in the text and presented in tables. Mean change from baseline is presented only for patients treated with Omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids are superior with respect to placebo in improving some outcome measures, and decrease the long-term requirements for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Some of these effects are statistically significant, but their clinical significance remain to be established. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with Omega-3 fatty acids has been associated with improvement in some outcome measures in rheumatoid arthritis. Studies are needed to determine if they might represent an alternative to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in certain circumstances.

Reference:
Ariza-Ariza R, Mestanza-Peralta M, Cardiel MH; Omega-3 fatty acids in rheumatoid arthritis: an overview; Semin Arthritis Rheum 1998 Jun 27:6 366-70.

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.

Back to Research